Nile Journal for Agricultural Sciences

Effect of Alley Cropping Microclimate on Wheat Productivity and Leave Decomposition in a Semi-Desert Region of Northern Sudan

Dalia, A. Arabi, Haider E. Shapo, Mohamed A. Adlan — Sat, 15 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The study was conducted at Hudieba Research Station (Lat. 17.°57′N, 33.°8′E, 300 Km, on a loamy sand soil of the semi-desert region of northern Sudan during 2013 -2015 to examine the effect of alley-cropping system using three N-fixing trees (Leucaena leucocephala, Sesbania sesban and Sesbania Formosa) on climatic factors, soil fertility, and to examine the effects of incorporating tree leaves on soil on wheat grain yield in alley cropping system compared to control. The seedlings of the three trees were transplanted in the field in 2011 to establish alleycropping system (8-m wide alleys and 2-m inter rows), the performance of the tree species was assessed as the microclimatic factor and their effect on water use efficiency. Wheat was sown in November two months after incorporating tree leaves earlier in September in RCBD with three replicates and then evaluated for yield and yield components compared to control. Results indicated that the three trees differed in their ability to modify the microclimate with regard to solar irradiance, Formosa being the suitable one. Alleycropping system using Formosa and Sesban trees had good potential in improving water use efficiency compared to Leucaena and control. Nitrogen contents in tree alleys soil much higher in the depth from 0-60cm (309.3, 280.8 and 240.4ppm) for Formosa, Sesban and Leuceana respectively than in control (172.2ppm). Nitrogen content was increased in alley cropping system and in control after incorporating Formosa, Sesban and Leucaena leaves, respectively. Whereas Formosa and Sesban gave higher wheat grain yield (2810, 2513 kg/ha), Leucaena showed the lowest (632 kg/ha) as compared to the control (1759, 1912 and 1776 kg/ha) after incorporating Formosa, Sesban and Leucaena leaves, respectively. It could be concluded that Formosa was a suitable for alleycropping system for the purpose of modifying microclimate and improving crop productivity in semi-desert areas of Northern Sudan. Also All leaves examined in this study were good sources of N for high tress soils which are low in this element.

Economic Aspects of Potatoes Production in North Sudan

Elgilany A. Ahmed, Hamid H. Faki, Abbas Elsir, Hanadi Elfadil, Abaker Ismai — Sat, 15 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Potatoes crop in River Nile State (RNS) of Sudan has received limited development efforts over the past few years. The crop is one of the most potential crops in area of the study that can attain this purpose. This study looks to assess the potatoes economic aspects in the State. It depends on both primary and secondary data. The partial budgets for potatoes were estimated separately for all actors and players to visualize the important factors affecting the yield and returns of potatoes. The respondents distributed over four major localities namely, Shendi, Elddamer, Atbara and Berber specializing in potatoes production by using structured interview questions and researcher’s observations. The study findings illustrate that, potato is important strategic crop that combats malnutrition in the country and the major constraints that faced potatoes were shortage and instability of power as well as the high cost of production inputs. Finally, to tackle these hindrances, preparation of good and shared policies between public and private sector would improve the crop production and livelihood of producers.

Effect of Plant Density on Growth, Yield and Quality of Banana (Musa AAA) Cavendish cv. Grand Nain under Kassala conditions

Ahmed B. A. Khalifa, Ebtihal H. M. Hamid, Abdelhamed M. Magboul — Fri, 14 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The experiment was established in a private farm at Alqurashi village near Atbara River, Aroma locality, Kassala State, Sudan. Three months old plants of banana cv. “Grand Nain”, propagated by tissue culture, were transplanted in the field on first of January 2022 at nine spacing of 2×2m, 2×2.5m, 2×3m, 2×3.5m, 2×4m, 3×2.5m, 3×3m, 3×3.5m and 3×4m. The treatments were replicated 3 times in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and each plot encompassed 12 plants. Results showed that, higher growth parameters were recorded under spacing of 3×2.5m. Least time from planting to flowering and from flowering to harvesting were observed on plants under spacing of 3×2.5m for the mother plant and first ratoon crops. The highest bunch weight and total yield were obtained on plants spaced at 3×2.5m. The highest marginal rate of return (26.18) was recorded at this treatment.

Effect of Packaging and Waxing on Quality and Shelf-life of Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.)

Sat, 15 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Kassala and Gash Research Station, Kassala, Sudan, to evaluate the effect of packaging and waxing on quality and storability of grapefruit during May and August of 2022 and 2023. The experiments were carried out at two level of temperature viz; 35°C and 20°C. Fruits were packaged in intact or perforated polyethylene bag, waxed, waxed with packaged in intact or waxed with perforated polyethylene bag or left unpackaged and unwaxed as control. Treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The results of the two experiments showed that packaging grapefruit in wax with intact polyethylene bag resulted in lowest weight loss and titratable acidity and higher value of TSS compared to control in both seasons under 35°C and 20°C conditions. Moreover, longest shelf life was observed in case of waxed intact polyethylene bag treatment and the lowest shelf life was recorded for the control in both seasons under 35°C and 20°C conditions.

In Vitro Efficacy of Acacia seyal Delile (Altalh) Wood Extract against Four Bacteria Isolates

Mwada M.M. Salih, Almahi M.A. Ali, Khalid E.M. Idris — Sat, 15 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Acacia seyal known also as the tree (Altalh). the bark is used to treat dysentery and bacterial infections of the skin, such as leprosy , the wood is used to treat pain from rheumatism. Acacia seyal wood extracted using Bilola instrument which showed effective antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas citri, Xanthomonas pmalvacearum, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus, the maximum inhibition zone observed 11.8mm, 12.6, 14.6mm, and 17.2mm, respectively.

Chemical Control of Broomrape Infesting Faba bean Feilds in Northern State, Sudan

Roy Adel Idris Abdo, Mukhtar Abdel Aziz Muhammad Othman — Sat, 15 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Northern State Located within latitude 16° and 22° N ., and longitude 20° and 32° E . , to de

The experiment was conducted during two consecutive winter seasons of the years2021 /22 and 2022 /23 at nursery of General Administration of Plant Protection, Dongola and nursery of Faculty of Agricultural Sciences at Selaim , University of Dongola, Northern State, Sudan respectively termine the effect of glyphosate and Pursuit herbicides on emergence and growth of broomrape, estimation of faba bean seed yield loss percentage due to broomrape Parasite infection and evaluate and compare the effect of the two mentioned herbicides on the broomrape, besides determination the best treatment of the two herbicides which achieve highest faba bean yield (ton/ha). Broomrape Parasite full season competition to faba bean crop significantly reduced seed yield by 77.04 and 78.33% in both winter seasons, the first and the second, respectively. Glyphosate (52.5 kg a .i/ha) applied at 4, 6 and 8 weeks after sowing, respectively and broomrape seeds free full season treatment significantly increased faba bean seed yield (ton /ha) by 177.91% and 140.77% in both winter seasons, the first and the second, respectively. All treatments of the two herbicides applied pre and post – emergence and broomrape seeds free full season treatment significantly reduced number of broomrape plants/m² in the first winter season. All treatments of the two herbicides applied pre and post – emergence and broomrape Seeds free full season treatment significantly reduced shoot dry weight (g) of broomrape plant in the both winter seasons. Faba bean yield (ton /ha) in the first winter season is more than which obtained in the second winter season.